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@#Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and the risk of gout in Urumqi. Methods A total of 516 male patients with gout in a third-class hospital in Urumqi from 2015 to 2019 were randomly selected as the gout group and 516 male healthy subjects in the same hospital as the control group. The relevant blood biochemical indexes were examined and analyzed. Blood pressure, waist circumference and hip circumference were measured. Body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio were calculated. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between overweight / obesity, waist-to-hip ratio and the risk of gout. The test level is α = 0.05. Results Uric acid, glucose, urea nitrogen, creatinine, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, systolic blood pressure, weight and waist circumference in gout group were higher than those in control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05); There were no significant differences in age, height and diastolic blood pressure between the two groups (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between BMI and WHR and the occurrence of gout (r=0.272, 0.345, P<0.05). There were significant differences in BMI, WHR and waist circumference between the gout group and the control group（χ2= 55.338, 54.928, 54.153, P<0.05）. After adjusting for age, aerobic exercise and other confounding factors, the results of multi-factor unconditional Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio (OR) of gout in patients with BMI of 24.00-27.99 kg/m2 and ≥28.00 kg/m2 was 2.005 (1.337-3.006) and 2.677 (1.668-4.296) times higher than that of patients with normal BMI, respectively. The OR value of gout in patients with WHR≥0.90 was 1.668 times higher than that in patients with normal WHR, and the difference was statistically significant. The results of subgroup analysis according to age are generally similar. Conclusions The BMI and WHR of man with gout in Urumqi are higher than those of normal people, and BMI, waist circumference and WHR are all associated with the incidence of gout. The risk of gout increases with the increase of BMI and WHR.
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OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 585 nm Q-switched laser in the treatment of acne inflammatory lesions and postinflammatory erythema.@*METHODS@#A total of 25 patients with moderate facial acne, symmetrical distribution of inflammatory lesions and postinflammatory erythema on both sides of the face, were enrolled. Among the 25 patients, 22 patients completed all the treatment and evaluation, and 3 patients were lost to follow-up. 585 nm Q-switched laser was used on a randomly selected side of the face for three times of treatment at a 2 week interval. The evaluations were made before each treatment, 2 and 4 weeks after the last treatment, therefore the evaluation time points were before the treatment, weeks 2, 4, 6, and 8, respectively, for a total of 5 times. Acne severity was assessed using the investigator' s global assessment (IGA) score, and erythema severity was assessed using the investigator' s subjective erythema score and narrow-spectrum reflectance spectrophotometer at each follow-up.@*RESULTS@#After 3 times of treatment, there was statistically significant difference between the IGA score in week 8 and before treatment on both sides(Z=2.64, P < 0.01; Z=2.67, P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in IGA score between the treatment side and the control side before treatment and in week 8 (P=0.59, P=0.26). There was statistically significant difference between the investiga-tor' s subjective erythema score in week 8 and before treatment on the treatment side(Z=4.24, P < 0.01), while no significant difference was showed on the control side(Z=1.73, P=0.08). In week 8, the investigator's subjective erythema score of the treatment side was lower than that of the control side (Z=3.61, P < 0.01). The erythema index of the treatment side was significantly decreased at 5 time points (P < 0.01), and the index decreased significantly in week 8 compared with the index before treatment (P < 0.01), while the erythema index of the control side was not significantly different at 5 time points. The treatment related adverse events included erythema and edema after treatment and pain during treatment, the severity was mild to moderate, which resolved spontaneously within 1 to 3 days. Nine patients were very satisfied with the treatment, 7 patients were satisfied, and 6 patients considered average.@*CONCLUSION@#585 nm Q-switched laser has some effect in the treatment of postinflammatory erythema, and it ensures good tolerance and safety. There was no statistically significant difference between the treatment side and the control side on the improvement of acne inflammatory lesions.
Subject(s)
Humans , Acne Vulgaris/therapy , Erythema/etiology , Face , Immunoglobulin A , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective:To study the protective effect of Xiayuxue Tang on adenine-induced renal fibrosis model in rats and its impact on Wnt/<italic>β</italic>-catenin and transforming growth factor <italic>β</italic><sub>1</sub>（TGF-<italic>β</italic><sub>1</sub>）/Smad signal pathway. Method:A total of 50 SPF-grade male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups： the normal group， the model group， the losartan group （9 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>） and low and high dose （2.43，4.86 g·kg<sup>-1</sup>） of Xiayuxue Tang groups. The rat model of renal fibrosis was established by ig administration adenine （250 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>） for 24 consecutive days. The rats were then given the corresponding drugs for 30 consecutive days. The levels of serum creatinine（SCr） and blood urea nitrogen （BUN） were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. The histopathological changes of renal tissues in rats were observed by hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining. The collagen deposition in rat renal tissue was observed by Masson staining； the protein expression levels of Wnt5a， Wnt5b， <italic>β</italic>-catenin， TGF-<italic>β</italic><sub>1</sub>， Smad4， Smad7 in renal tissue were detected respectively by immunohistochemistry（IHC） and Western blot. Result:Compared with the normal group， the results of each experimental group showed that SCr and BUN levels significantly increased in the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. SCr and BUN levels decreased significantly after the intervention with the Xiayuxue Tang （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the normal group， HE and Masson staining results showed that rats in the model group had severe renal interstitial damage and massive deposition of renal interstitial collagen. The renal interstitial tubule injury was relieved after the intervention with the Xiayuxue Tang， and the renal interstitial collagen deposition decreased. The results of IHC and Western blot showed that compared with the normal group， the expressions of Wnt5a， <italic>β</italic>-catenin， TGF-<italic>β</italic><sub>1</sub> protein in the kidney of rats up-regulated （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， while the expressions of Wnt5b and Smad7 protein down-regulated （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. After the intervention with Xiayuxue Tang， the expressions of Wnt5a， <italic>β</italic>-catenin， TGF-<italic>β</italic><sub>1</sub> protein down-regulated （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， while the expressions of Wnt5b and Smad7 protein up-regulated（<italic>P</italic><0.01）. There was no significant difference between the low-dose and high-dose groups with Xiayuxue Tang. Conclusion:Xiayuxue Tang has the protective effect on RIF rats induced by adenine， and its mechanism is related to the inhibition of Wnt/<italic>β</italic>-catenin and TGF-<italic>β</italic><sub>1</sub>/Smad signal pathway.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML) combined with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria(PNH).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 13 AML combined with PNH patients treated in our hospital from January 2017 to May 2019 were collected and retrospective analyzed. The complete remission(CR) rate for induction chemotherapy was analyzed. The level of PNH@*RESULTS@#Among the 13 patients, 11 (84.6%) cases were CR after first induction chemotherapy. The median overall survival(OS) time was 17 months(0-30 months), the median progression-free survival(PFS) time was 16 months(2-26 months). There were no significant difference in the number of PNH@*CONCLUSION@#The patients of AML combined with PNH have higher CR rate after the first induction chemotherapy. The level of WBC and LDH at first diagnosed are the factors that affecting the OS of the patients. The OS of patients with WBC lower than 10×10
Subject(s)
Humans , Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal , Induction Chemotherapy , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy , Prognosis , Remission Induction , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Tweety-homolog 1 (Ttyh1) is expressed in neural tissue and has been implicated in the generation of several brain diseases. However, its functional significance in pain processing is not understood. By disrupting the gene encoding Ttyh1, we found a loss of Ttyh1 in nociceptors and their central terminals in Ttyh1-deficient mice, along with a reduction in nociceptor excitability and synaptic transmission at identified synapses between nociceptors and spinal neurons projecting to the periaqueductal grey (PAG) in the basal state. More importantly, the peripheral inflammation-evoked nociceptor hyperexcitability and spinal synaptic potentiation recorded in spinal-PAG projection neurons were compromised in Ttyh1-deficient mice. Analysis of the paired-pulse ratio and miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents indicated a role of presynaptic Ttyh1 from spinal nociceptor terminals in the regulation of neurotransmitter release. Interfering with Ttyh1 specifically in nociceptors produces a comparable pain relief. Thus, in this study we demonstrated that Ttyh1 is a critical determinant of acute nociception and pain sensitization caused by peripheral inflammation.
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Objective: To provide scientific basis for the temperature condition of Daphnes Giraldii Cortex (DGC) post-cross-linked gel plaster during storage and transportation. Methods: Taking linear viscoelastic region, modulus, yield stress, phase angle, composite viscosity and creep compliance as evaluation indexes, amplitude scanning, frequency scanning, temperature scanning and creep testing were carried out on the cross-linked gel plaster matrix after DGC by an advanced rotary rheometer, and relevant data of elastic modulus, viscosity modulus, phase angle, composite viscosity, creep compliance and yield stress of the samples which were stored at room temperature, -20 ℃ and -50 ℃ for 1, 3, 8, and 13 d were respectively obtained. Results: All samples of DGC post-crosslinking gel plaster showed elastic characteristics and stable state. After storage under different conditions, the state is still stable and the dispersibility is better. The peel strength of samples stored for 8 d and 13 d was decreased. The retention of samples stored at -50 ℃ for 13 d was decreased. Conclusion: DGC plaster containing post-crosslinked gel matrix had stable state, good dispersibility, initial adhesion, peel strength and shape retention when samples were stored below 0 ℃ for 3 d.
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Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of mortality and morbidity in the world, especially in developing countries. Drug therapy is one of the main ways to treat cardiovascular diseases. Among them, great progress has been made in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases with traditional Chinese medicine. In terms of experimental research, the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases has been thoroughly discussed in vitro and in vivo. In terms of clinical treatment, traditional Chinese medicine with flavonoids, saponins and alkaloids as the main effective components has a definite effect on the treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as arrhythmia, myocardial ischemia, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, with high safety and good application prospects. With the further research on the effective ingredients, mechanism and adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine, it will be beneficial to the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine, reduce side effects and promote the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine. Calycosin and its derivatives, the main bioactive flavonoids in Astragalus membranaceus have multiple biological effects, such as antioxidant, pro-angiogenesis, anti-tumour, and anti-inflammatory effects. Based on the above biological effects, calycosin has been shown to have good potential for cardiovascular protection. The potent antioxidant effect of calycosin may play an important role in the cardiovascular protective potential. For injured cardiac myocytes, calycosin and its derivatives can alleviate the cell damage mainly marked by the release of myocardial enzymes and reduce the death level of cardiac myocytes mainly characterized by apoptosis through various mechanisms. For vascular endothelial cells, calycosin also has multiple effects and multiple mechanisms, such as promoting vascular endothelial cell proliferation, exerting vasodilating effect and directly affecting the synthesis function of endothelial cells. The present review will address the bioactivity of calycosin in cardiovascular diseases such as protective effects on cardiac myocytes and vascular endothelial cells and elucidate main mechanism of calycosin and its derivatives to exert the above biological effects.
Subject(s)
Humans , Apoptosis/drug effects , Cardiotonic Agents/pharmacology , Cardiovascular Diseases/drug therapy , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Isoflavones/pharmacology , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Muscle Cells/drug effectsABSTRACT
Epimedii Folium,a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine,has the effect of tonifying kidney Yang,strengthening bones and treating rheumatism. However,in recent years,the number of reports on adverse reactions of Epimedii Folium and its Chinese patent medicines such as Xianling Gubao Capsules and Zhuanggu Guanjie Pills has been gradually increased,and the toxicity of Epimedii Folium has attracted more and more attention. In this article,the ancient and modern literature on Epimedii Folium was traced through a comprehensive and systematic literature analysis method. According to the 2015 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia,Epimedii Folium refers to the dried leaves of Epimedii Folium brevicomu,E. sugittutum,E. pubescens or E. koreuuum. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia also includes E. wushanense of Wushan Epimedium,which is the same plant variety as Epimedium. The study showed that there were differences in the geographical distribution,composition and toxicity among five species of Epimedium. This paper also explained the toxicity mechanism as well as efficacy enhancing and toxicity reducing effects of Epimedii Folium,and reported its related adverse reaction cases. Through a retrospective comparative study on the toxicity of the modern Chinese patent medicines Xianling Gubao Capsules and Zhuanggu Guanjie Pills containing Epimedii Folium,it was believed that Epimedii Folium had cardiovascular system toxicity,neurotoxicity,hepatotoxicity,long-term toxicity,acute toxicity,genotoxicity and special toxicity; its safe medication factors included patient syndrome,doctor factors,drug factors,processing and compatibility factors. Meanwhile,strategies were proposed to improve patient safety medication awareness,standardize Epimedii Folium varieties and quality supervision,and the toxicity of Epimedii Folium was studied,hoping to draw attention from scholars to the safety of Epimedii Folium,improve the safe use of Epimedii Folium,and prevent adverse reactions.
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Humans , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Epimedium , Chemistry , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Plant Leaves , Chemistry , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Through the comprehensive and systematic research of domestic and overseas literature and information, we studied ancient original records on Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix and its toxicity, analyzed related adverse cases and the animal toxicity experiments in recent years, then systematically analyzed the safety of Aconitum and its preparations, and finally we summarized the clinical characteristics and potential risk factors related to the safety of Aconitum. A report on adverse events of Aconitum in 76 patients with myocardial damage and renal damage accounting for 53.9% and 42.1% respectively, indicated that the safety problems of Aconitum may be related to heart toxicity and liver-kidney toxicity. Aconitum had complex compositions, and based on the animal experiments, Aconitum decoction had the highest toxicity at 2 h, and it reduced significantly at 4 h, which showed that the toxic components mainly depend on the hydrolysis or the decomposition degree of diester diterpenoid alkaloids. According to the toxicity study, Aconitum toxicity might occur in cardiovascular system, nervous system, kidney, embryo, reproductive system, and it was contraindicated in pregnant women. So far, specific antidote for aconitine poisoning is still a blank. The key for treatment is to correct arrhythmia timely and effectively, maintain stable vital signs, and meanwhile, give gastric lavage, intravenous fluid infusion and other therapies. So we suggest that the basic study for Aconitum toxicology should be strengthened, and the pharmacology and mechanism of toxicity, as well as the mechanism of processing for raising efficiency and reducing toxicity, should be further clarified to determine the quantity-effect relationship and eliminate safety hazards in using Aconitum.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the prognostic value of F-FDG PET/CT scan quantization parameters, max standardized uptake value （SUVmax）, metabolic tumor volume （MTV）, total lesion glycolysis （TLG） and other clinical factors for prognostic evaluation of paticnts with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma （DLBCL）.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>PET/CT scan and clinical data of a total of 65 newly diagnosed DLBCL patients who received Rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone （R-CHOP） chemotherapy as first-line treatment were analyzed. All patients received a PET/CT scan at diagnosis and an interim PET/CT after 2-4 circles of chemotherapies. The related parameters of SUVmax, MTV and TLG were acquired by analyzing and calculating the scan results. The receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off of parameters. Pearson chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier method and COX proportional hazard model were performed to analyze the prognostic value of PET/CT related parameters and clinical factors in progression-free survival （PFS）.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Age, B symptom, Ann Arbor stage and extra-nodal involvement in major organs significantly related with PFS （P<0.05）, but the SUVmax didn't relalt with the prognosis. The cut-off values of MTV0, MTV1, TLG0 and TLG1 for disease recurrence or progression were 172.20cm , 4.32cm , 1043.33g and 14.07g. The lower MTV and TLG groups showed longer PFS significantly. In the multivariate Cox regression model, B symptoms, MTV1 and TLG1 were the independent prognostic risk factors.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MTV and TLG at baseline and in the interim and NCCN-IPI correlate with disease prognosis. SUVmax related parameters hare no significant relationship with prognosis. Besides MTV and TLG during treatment are the independent prognostic risk factors suggesting more predictive value than NCCN-IPI.</p>
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OBJECTIVE@#To prepare ion exchange doxorubicin-loaded poly (acrylic acid) microspheres (DPMs) and evaluate the properties of these chemoembolic agents.@*METHODS@#Poly (acrylic acid) microspheres (PMs) without drug were prepared by inverse suspension polymerization method and then doxorubicin was loaded by ion exchange mechanism to prepare DPMs. Optical microscope was used to investigate the morphology and particle size distribution of PMs and DPMs; fluorescence microscope and confocal microscope were used to observe the distribution of doxorubicin after drug loading. Elasticities of both the microspheres were evaluated by texture analyzer. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was established to determine the drug loading behavior of PMs and releasing behavior of DPMs. The in vivo embolic property was evaluated by embolizing the hepatic artery of a rabbit with 0.1 mL of DPMs.@*RESULTS@#PMs and DPMs were both spherical in shape, smooth in surface and dispersed well. Doxorubicin was mainly in the outer area inside of DPMs and distributed evenly. The average particle size of PMs and DPMs were (283±136) μm and (248±149) μm, respectively. PMs and DPMs both had good compression ability with the Young's modulus of (62.63±1.65) kPa and (93.94±1.10) kPa separately. PMs reached the drug loading balance at 12 h, and the entrapment efficiency was greater than 99%. Drug loading of PMs in doxorubicin solution at the concentration of 5.0 g/L and 12.5 g/L was (19.78±0.27) g/L and (49.45±0.37) g/L, respectively. Doxorubicin released slowly from DPMs in PBS and the accumulative release percentages of DPMs with corresponding drug loading were 6.82%±0.02% and 2.83%±0.10% after 24 h, respectively. Arterial angiograms showed that the hepatic artery of the rabbit was successfully embolized with DPMs.@*CONCLUSION@#DPMs with good performance of loading doxorubicin could be a potential embolic agent for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Acrylates , Doxorubicin/administration & dosage , Embolization, Therapeutic/methods , Microspheres , Particle SizeABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss/seroconversion is considered to be the ideal endpoint of antiviral therapy and the ultimate treatment goal in chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study aimed to assess the patterns of HBsAg kinetics in CHB patients who achieved HBsAg loss during the treatment of pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) α-2a.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 150 patients were enrolled, composing of 83 hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg)-positive and 67 HBeAg-negative patients. Patients were treated with PEG-IFN α-2a180 μg/week until HBsAg loss/seroconversion was achieved, which occurred within 96 weeks. Serum hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid and serological indicators (HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, and anti-HBe) were determined before and every 3 months during PEG-IFN α-2a treatment. Biochemical markers and peripheral blood neutrophil and platelet counts were tested every 1-3 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Baseline HBsAg levels were 2.5 ± 1.3 log IU/ml, and decreased rapidly at 12 and 24 weeks by 48.3% and 88.3%, respectively. The mean time to HBsAg loss was 54.2 ± 30.4 weeks, though most patients needed extended treatment and 30.0% of HBsAg loss occurred during 72-96 weeks. Baseline HBsAg levels were significantly higher in HBeAg-positive patients (2.9 ± 1.1 log IU/ml) compared with HBeAg-negative patients (2.0 ± 1.3 log IU/ml; t = 4.733, P < 0.001), but the HBsAg kinetics were similar. Patients who achieved HBsAg loss within 48 weeks had significantly lower baseline HBsAg levels and had more rapid decline of HBsAg at 12 weeks compared to patients who needed extended treatment to achieve HBsAg loss.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Patients with lower baseline HBsAg levels and more rapid decline during early treatment with PEG-IFN are more likely to achieve HBsAg loss during 96 weeks of treatment, and extended therapy longer than 48 weeks may be required to achieve HBsAg loss.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Antiviral Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Drug Administration Schedule , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens , Metabolism , Hepatitis B, Chronic , Drug Therapy , Metabolism , Interferon-alpha , Therapeutic Uses , Kinetics , Polyethylene Glycols , Therapeutic Uses , Recombinant Proteins , Therapeutic Uses , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the predictive value of baseline HBsAg level and early response for HBsAg loss in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B during pegylated interferon alpha-2a treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 121 patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B who achieved HBsAg loss were enrolled; all patients were treated with PEG-IFNα-2a 180 μg/week. Serum HBV DNA and serological indicators (HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, and anti-HBe) were determined before and every 3 months during treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median treatment time for HBsAg loss was 84 weeks (7-273 weeks), and 74.38% (90 cases) of the patients needed extended treatment (> 48 weeks). The correlation between baseline HBsAg levels and the treatment time of HBsAg loss was significant (B = 14.465, t = 2.342, P = 0.021). Baseline HBsAg levels together with the decline range of HBsAg at 24 weeks significantly correlated with the treatment time of HBsAg loss (B = 29.862, t = 4.890, P = 0.000 and B = 27.993, t = 27.993, P = 0.005).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Baseline HBsAg levels and extended therapy are critical steps toward HBsAg loss. Baseline HBsAg levels together with early response determined the treatment time of HBsAg loss in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B during pegylated interferon alpha-2a treatment.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antiviral Agents , Therapeutic Uses , DNA, Viral , Blood , Drug Administration Schedule , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens , Blood , Hepatitis B e Antigens , Blood , Hepatitis B, Chronic , Blood , Drug Therapy , Interferon-alpha , Therapeutic Uses , Polyethylene Glycols , Therapeutic Uses , Recombinant Proteins , Therapeutic Uses , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Artemisia argyi, a well-known traditional Chinese materia medica commonly used in clinics, is widely distributed in China. It is recorded to possess the effects of warming meridians for hemostasis and eliminating cold for analgesia. The species is rich in terpenoids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, aromatic acids (aldehydes), steroids, and fatty acids, and exhibits pharmacological activities of analgesia, anti-inflammatory, hemostasis, antibacterial and antiviral, anti-tumor, antihypertensive effect, antidiabetics, anti-asthmatic, immunoregulation activities, and so on. The paper reviews the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of A. argyi, which can provide references for future research and utilization of it.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship of renal aquaporin -1, -2, -3, and -4 (AQP1-4) expression with renal parenchymal thickness and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in children with congenital hydronephrotis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Renal tissue samples were obtained from 10 kidneys of 10 children (age: 62.3±18.3 months) with hydronephrosis and who underwent Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty. Renal control samples were obtained from 6 children (age: 62.7±17.1 months) undergoing nephrectomy for nephroblastoma and were confirmed histologically as normal renal tissues. Renal parenchymal thickness of the hydronephrotic kidneys was measured by ultrasound preoperatively and was verified at operation. Renal GFR was assessed using 99mTc-DTPA scintigraphy preoperatively. Western blot was used to examine the expression of AQP1-4 in the renal tissues. The correlations of renal AQP1-4 expression with the renal parenchymal thickness and GFR were assessed by Pearson correlation analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of AQP1-4 in the hydronephrotis group was markedly reduced compared to that in the control group (P<0.05). The mean renal parenchymal thickness of the hydronephrotic kidney was 4.59±2.25 mm measured by ultrasound preoperatively. The mean GFR of the obstructed kidney was significantly lower than that of the contralateral kidney in the hydronephrosis group (40±12 mL/min vs 105±20 mL/min; P<0.05). The expression of AQP1, 2, 3 and 4 was positively correlated with preoperative renal GFR and renal parenchymal thickness in the hydronephrosis group (P<0.05). Renal parenchymal thickness was positively correlated with renal GFR (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The expression of renal AQP1-4 is reduced in children with congenital hydronephrosis. The expression levels of AQP1-4 are positively correlated with renal parenchymal thickness and GFR.</p>
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Aquaporins , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Hydronephrosis , Metabolism , Pathology , Kidney , Pathology , Sulfhydryl Compounds , Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin , Technetium Tc 99m PentetateABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the mechanism of DDP-resistance in gastric cancer cell line SGC7901/DDP mediated by phosphate(p)-JNK.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The p-JNK expression was blocked by the JNK inhibitor SP600125. The drug sensitivity was detected by MTT. Cell apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry. The expression of p-JNK and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) was examined by Western blot. The expression of both proteins were detected in a tissue microarray containing 168 spots of cancer tissue and 27 spots of normal gastric tissue by SP immunohistochemistry. Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between p-JNK and P-gp.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The drug sensitivity and cell apoptosis rate significantly increased (P<0.01), and the protein expression levels of p-JNK and P-glycoprotein were down-regulated after the inhibition of p-JNK by SP600125 in both SGC7901(p-JNK: 1.17+/-0.03 vs 0.38+/-0.071, P-gp: 0.21+/-0.01 vs 0.06+/-0.01) and SGC7901/DDP (p-JNK: 2.56+/-0.14 vs 1.02+/-0.12, P-gp: 0.77+/-0.05 vs 0.52+/-0.06 )cells(all P<0.01). The protein expression rates of p-JNK and P-glycoprotein were 45.8% and 51.8% respectively in gastric cancer tissue, which were significantly higher than those in normal gastric tissue 7.4% and 18.5% (P<0.01). The correlation of protein expression of p-JNK and P-gp was positive (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>JNK anti-apoptosis pathway with the regulation of P-gp expression plays an important role in the DDP-resistance of gastric cancer, which may be a novel target for reversing multidrug resistance.</p>